Tabernemontana: popular species, care and reproduction

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Tabernemontana (Tabernaemontana) is a plant of the Kutrovye family. Homeland – India, Singapore. It bears the second name “ervatamia”.

Looking at a photo of a tabernemontan flower , we can assume that he is a relative of gardenia or jasmine due to some similarities with these plants. In fact, it has nothing to do with them, unlike oleander, periwinkle and mandevilla, which belong to the same family as ervatamia.

The flower received its unusual name in the 18th century. The famous German botanist, J. T. von Bergzabern, who lived at that time, called it by his own name, translated into Latin. In translation, it means “mountain abode” .

Leaves, flowers and fruits of an adult tabernemontana plant (with photo)

Evergreen flowering shrub or small tree with numerous lignified shoots and a strong trunk. In room conditions, the height of the plant is not more than 1 – 1.5. m.

The leaves of the tabernemontana plant are leathery, glossy, green, oval, pointed at the end, depending on the species, from 7 to 20 cm in length and 3 to 5 cm in width. The location is opposite.

Flowers about 4 cm in diameter, fragrant, double, cream or white, collected in apical inflorescences. Looks like gardenia flowers. Depending on the type, they can simultaneously be on a plant from 3 to 20 pieces.

The flowers have a strong fragrance reminiscent of jasmine. Blooms all year round. The fruit is a large leaflet with seeds.

Look at the photo of an adult tabernemontana plant , which proves its beauty, grace and special charm.

Under natural conditions, tabernemontana grows in Africa, Southeast Asia and America, that is, in countries with a warm and humid climate. Here, shrubs can often be found on the streets.
In temperate latitudes, this crop is grown at home and in greenhouses.

Popular Types of Tabernemontana

Below are the popular types of tabernemontana with a photo:
Thick tabernemontana (T. crassa);

Tabernemontana crowned (T. coronaria);

Tabernemontana curly (T. crispa);

Tabernemontana bifurcating (T. divaricata);

Tabernemontana whole-leaved (T. citrifolia);

Tabernemontana corymbose (T. corymbosa).

Tabernaemontana divaricata (lat. Tabernaemontana divaricata) – this species is grown indoors very often. This evergreen small shrub has a lush rounded crown and large shiny bright green leaves. Flowers consist of 5 petals with corrugated edges. On one inflorescence, up to 20 snow-white buds can form at the same time. Fruits are oval, dark green, contain orange pulp. The species is valued for its decorative effect and pleasant aroma, which intensifies at night.

Crowned tabernemontana (lat. Tabernaemontana coronaria) is a low or medium-sized evergreen tree with spectacular embossed leaves. Leaf plates are dark green, dense, glossy, large, reach up to 15 cm in length or more. Inflorescences – brushes with many snow-white flowers with a yellow core. The flowers are large, about 4 cm in diameter, semi-double, with a strong aroma.

Tabernemontana elegant or elegans (Tabernaemontana elegans) is a low-growing shrub that is ideal for growing at home due to its unpretentiousness. Leaf plates are elongated, pointed at the ends, glossy, dense, dark green. The flowers are small, consist of 5 petals, white or cream. They have a weak aroma.

Tabernemontana Holst (lat. Tabernaemontana holstii) – this species is less common than those described above, however, flower growers do not lose hope of getting this most beautiful plant in their collection of flowers. This ervatamia is attracted by the shape of its flower. White delicate petals seem to be twisted and outwardly resemble a windmill or a propeller. The center of the flowers is yellow. The leaves are thin, oval-elongated, dark green.

Growing Tabernemontana

Lighting. When caring for tabernemontana at home, you need to remember that this culture loves an abundance of sunlight, however, it requires rooms with diffused lighting, and does not tolerate the direct rays of the midday sun. Western and eastern windows are optimally suited for its cultivation. You can place a flower on the south window, but in the summer you will have to shade it from the sun. On the north side, flowering with poor coverage of ervatamia will be weak. For the formation of buds, many hours of illumination will be required (at least 16 hours a day).
Temperature. The tropical plant is thermophilic, feels comfortable at a temperature of 18 – 25 degrees. In summer, it is recommended to take it out to the terrace or garden, but it is worth considering that it is afraid of drafts. In winter, the temperature of the content should be 15 ° C. The lower limit is 12 degrees. You can not overcool the flower, this will negatively affect its flowering. In winter, a tender plant should be removed from the windowsill, drafts and cold winds from open windows are dangerous for it.
Watering. The tabernemontan flower is moisture-loving, when caring for it at home, this must be taken into account, as well as the fact that it is difficult to tolerate even a short-term drought. Do not allow the earthen coma to dry out. In summer, watering should be plentiful, but it should be done only when the soil in the pot is half dry. Usually in the warm season it is enough to water ervatamia 2-3 times a week. In winter, watering is moderate, but at least 1 time per week, with settled or filtered soft water at room temperature. The peculiarity of watering this crop is that the earth lump should never dry out completely, but at the same time it should not be waterlogged. In the first case, the plant will wither, and in the second it will rot. The remaining water on the pan should be drained to avoid root rot.
High humidity is also necessary for a tropical flower, as well as regular watering. When the air is dry, it must be moistened with a special household appliance, or using a spray bottle. It is useful to arrange a warm shower for the plant and wipe its leaves with a damp cloth.
substrate. A loose, nutritious, breathable substrate from leafy and soddy soil, humus, sand (1: 1: 2: 0.5) is suitable for the tabernemontan flower. You can buy ready-made soils for azalea and citrus and mix them in equal amounts, adding a little sand.
Topdressing. In order for the tabernemontana to actively develop and delight with its flowering, it is necessary to apply fertilizer to the soil. Feed during the growth period once a week, alternating mineral and organic fertilizers. For a tropical beauty, fertilizer complexes “Etisso”, “Bona Forte”, “Pocon” and others are suitable. The intensive growth of leaves and the preservation of their brightness is facilitated by the Emerald fertilizer with a high nitrogen content. In the cold season, top dressing is not required.
Transfer. Young individuals, due to their rapid growth, need frequent transplants, up to 3 times a year. Adults need to be transplanted once every 3 years. Before you start transplanting, you need to prepare a new container, lay a layer of drainage on the bottom. The pot should be slightly larger than the previous one; in cramped conditions, the plant turns yellow and stops developing.
A flower with a pre-moistened earthy clod is easier to remove from the pot without damaging the roots. Old soil from the roots does not need to be shaken off, in addition, they cannot be shortened. Put the tuber on the drainage, cover it with a substrate and water it.
Pruning. This culture responds well to formative pruning, which can be carried out at any time of the year, including the flowering period. After a corrective haircut, Tabernemontana quickly recovers. It is formed in the form of a tree or shrub. During pruning, broken, weak, and thickening branches are removed. Remove faded buds to freshen up the look of the plant.

Propagation of tabernemontana by rooting cuttings

Apical semi-lignified cuttings, layering and seeds at a temperature of 22-26 ° C throughout the year.
Reproduction of tabernemontana by seeds at home is not carried out, since this is a rather laborious process, which, even if all the rules for sowing and subsequent care are followed, does not give a guaranteed result. In addition, flowers from seeds do not always retain varietal qualities.
It is much easier and more efficient to propagate this culture using cuttings. With the help of cuttings, you can quickly get a healthy plant with all maternal qualities. To do this, you need to choose a healthy cutting about 10 – 12 cm long with 2 – 3 pairs of leaves on the shoot. It should be cut at a right angle, then rinse the cut and dip in a root formation stimulator.
Propagation of tabernemontana by cuttings can be carried out in a container with water or soil mixture. When rooting in the first way, the cutting is placed in a small vessel with soft filtered water and crushed coal. Cover the top of the jar with polyethylene to create a greenhouse, but open it daily so that the plant receives an influx of fresh air. When the cutting takes root, it can be transplanted into the substrate.
For rooting in the substrate, prepare a container with peat and sand, mixed in equal parts. Plant the cutting at a shallow depth and cover it with a substrate. Cover with film or glass on top, remembering to open the mini-greenhouse every day and water the substrate.
With good care, tabernemontana takes root within 1 to 2 months. After the formation of a full-fledged root system, the plant can be transplanted into a medium-sized pot. This culture can bloom within a month after the formation of roots.
Detailed information on the care of tabernemontana in the video below.

Diseases and pests of tabernemontana, how to water a flower when affected by chlorosis

When growing, flower growers may encounter diseases and pests that affect tabernemontan and cause great damage to its decorative qualities.
Among the pests, one can distinguish mealybug, aphids, whiteflies, scale insects, and spider mites. To prevent pests from attacking the plant, preventive measures should be taken: maintain the humidity in the room at the right level, spray and wipe the leaves with a damp cloth on both sides. When transplanting, wash pots with soapy water and dry well.
Insecticides can be used to control tabernemontana pests (if found). Help and more sparing – folk remedies: onion or garlic decoctions, vodka diluted with water, infusion of calendula flowers and others. With home-made products, wipe each leaf of the plant from above and below.
In addition to pests, chlorosis disease can spoil the beautiful tabernemontan, when the sections of the leaf plate between the veins turn yellow, the veins themselves remain green. The cause of the disease is most often a lack of iron, magnesium, sulfur, zinc in the soil, or an excess of lime and nitrogen.
Prevention of the disease will be timely fertilizing with mineral fertilizers and proper watering. To prevent chlorosis, you can water the plant with a solution of ascorbic acid (1 teaspoon per 1 liter of water) once a week. If the disease has affected the plant, special preparations will help to eliminate it, for example, Emerald, Ferrofit, Ferrilen and others.
Experienced flower growers use home methods and remedies to combat chlorosis. So, for example, old nails with rust on them are inserted into the soil and covered with earth. This method of dealing with chlorosis is considered one of the most effective.
The owners of this indoor plant have an urgent question of how to water the tabernemontan if chlorosis has struck it. It is recommended to prepare a solution of citric acid (0.5 tsp), ferrous sulfate (2.5 g) and water (1 l). When these components are mixed, iron chelate is obtained, which should be watered and sprayed on the flower. The solution is good for 2 weeks.

Reasons why tabernemontana leaves turn yellow

There are other reasons why the tabernemontan turns yellow, among them excessive watering occupies the first place. Constant waterlogging of the soil causes the yellowness of the leaves, their wilting and rotting of the root system. In this case, the flower must be removed from the pot and carefully examine its roots. If rotten areas are found, they need to be removed or trimmed, sprinkled with crushed coal and planted in a fresh substrate.
If the leaves of the tabernemontana turn yellow and fly around, this is most likely caused by a lack of sunlight or a deficiency of trace elements. If the plant lives in a shady place, it is better to move it to a window with plenty of sunlight. In addition, you should make a mineral supplement and continue to do this in the next month 2 times a week.
There are also diseases of tabernemontana, in which unblown buds fall off. This can happen when the flower is kept at high air temperature and low humidity. If such a problem overtook a young individual, most likely, he lacks minerals. Appropriate action should be taken to correct the problem.
Proper care of tabernemontan at home will prevent diseases of this beautiful plant, help to maintain its health and beauty for a long time.

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