Gypsophila: types and varieties, proper agricultural technology

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Gypsophila (lat. Gypsophila) is a herbaceous plant of the Clove family, which grows in natural conditions on calcareous soils. There are about a hundred varieties of this culture in the world, which are represented by decorative annuals and perennials.

Description

Gypsophilais a shrub or semi-shrub 30–90 cm high, with straight, smooth, slightly branching stems. In some species, the shoots are recumbent, forming a turf. The plant has a powerful tap root system with a highly branched root. Leaf blades are oval or lanceolate, entire, small in size, with an opposite arrangement.

Inflorescences can be paniculate, racemose, corymbose. They include small bisexual flowers of pink or white color. Some varieties of gypsophila form terry inflorescences. Flowering occurs in May, may last until autumn, depending on climatic conditions.

The fruit is a rounded achene with oval seeds inside. The seed material of this culture remains viable for 3 years.

Gypsophila is valued for the beauty of the buds and unpretentious care character. Perennial species are able to successfully grow and bloom in one place for up to 15 years, even without a transplant.

Species and varieties

Panicled gypsophila (Gypsophila paniculata). Perennial sprawling shrub 70 – 90 cm high. Intensely branching stems form a rounded crown. The leaves are lanceolate, gray-green, with a short pile on the surface. The flowers are white or pale pink, are part of the paniculate inflorescences. Their diameter is 0.5 cm.

Popular varieties:

Pink Star” is a terry variety, which is valued for its abundant long flowering. From May to the end of August, the plant is covered with crimson buds.

Flamingo” – grows up to 80 cm. It has a spreading crown, which is formed by many-branched stems. The flowers are lush, bright pink.

Perfecta” – grows up to 1 m in height. Forms narrow dark green foliage and terry snow-white inflorescences.

Bristol Fairy” – a bush 50 – 70 cm high. It looks very beautiful during the flowering period, when it is completely strewn with double snow-white flowers.

Gypsophila graceful (Gypsophila elegans). One year view. A bush 70 cm high has a spreading crown of a spherical shape. Leaves are lanceolate, with entire margins. Inflorescences – corymbs or panicles, consist of small white, pale pink, rarely yellow buds.

The most famous varieties:

Double Star” – a plant up to 20 cm high. Valued for openwork inflorescences with piercing pink flowers.

Carmine” is an expressive variety that will decorate a flower garden and any flower arrangement in a flower bed. It has scarlet inflorescences.

Rose” is an elegant variety with pink inflorescences.

These photos illustrate the description of varieties of gypsophila of various types:

Creeping gypsophila (Gypsophila muralis). An annual variety with a height of 50 – 60 cm. The bush consists of many branching stems. The leaves are linear, dark green, with an opposite arrangement. The composition of the paniculate inflorescences includes flowers with a diameter of 0.6 cm, white or pink color scheme.

The most popular varieties of this type include:

Fratensis” with rose buds.

Monstrosa” with snow-white flowers.

Dipsy Rose” with rich pink inflorescences.

Pacific gypsophila (Gypsophila pacifica). It is a perennial species with a height of 75 – 90 cm. It is a sprawling bush with a dense rounded crown formed by highly branched stems. Leaf blades are broadly lanceolate, bluish-green. Flowers regular shape, pale pink color.

Gypsophila yaskolkovidnaya (Gypsophila cerastioides). This species belongs to perennials. This is a lush shrub 30 – 40 cm high. It has rounded bright green foliage. The flowers are white, with pink veins on the petals. The plant grows rapidly, covering an area up to 50 cm in diameter. In regions with a mild climate, it begins to bloom on warm April days.

Next, you will learn when to plant gypsophila seeds, how to grow seedlings at home, how to propagate the plant from cuttings, and how to care for flowers.

Reproduction by seeds

Gypsophila is successfully propagated using seeds that are removed from the boxes after they are fully ripe. In order not to miss the moment and prevent self-seeding, the fruits are cut before they ripen. Seeds are poured onto paper and kept in a ventilated area where sunlight does not fall. Stored in paper bags.

Seeds of annual varieties are planted immediately in open ground in the fall before the onset of cold weather. After embedding, they are covered with a layer of foliage, and after the appearance of snow cover – with snow so that they do not freeze out.

Also, planting seeds on the site is possible in the spring after the snow melts. For sowing, furrows are made 1–2 cm deep. Sprouts will appear on the surface of the earth in 2–3 weeks. Seedlings will need to be thinned out, and after they grow up and get stronger, transplanted to a permanent place in the garden.

Seed material of perennial varieties of gypsophila is planted on seedlings and germinated at home. To do this, take small containers, fill them with a soil mixture of peat, sand and a small amount of chalk.

Seeds are slightly buried in a moistened substrate, covered with polyethylene and placed for germination in a bright room with an air temperature of 20 – 25 degrees.

The shelter is removed every day for 2 to 3 hours, the condensate accumulated on it is removed, the crops are moistened using a spray gun. In order for the seedlings not to stretch, be strong and healthy, they need to be under bright light for 10 to 12 hours a day. Therefore, you will need to use phytolamps.

Planting seedlings on the site is carried out in September. When planting, potash is applied and each hole is watered abundantly. Flowering of plants grown from seedlings can be observed after 2 years.

cuttings

The tops of young shoots 6–8 cm long are cut into cuttings from 2–3-year-old gypsophila bushes. This work is carried out in late May, early June. When cutting the cuttings, an oblique cut is made, stepping back 1 cm from the leaf below.

The end of the cutting is placed in a solution that stimulates root growth, then planted in a loose substrate, moistened, covered with a film or a glass jar.

Germinate cuttings in a warm, bright place, watering regularly as the substrate dries. Roots will form in 3-4 weeks. Planting seedlings in open ground is carried out in early autumn.

It should be borne in mind when planting that this culture grows over time and takes up a lot of space. Therefore, the distance between the planting pits should be 40 – 50 cm. When planting, make sure that the root neck is not buried. Having placed young bushes in planting pits, you need to fill the voids with earth and water them.

Care

After planting gypsophila in open ground, it is important to provide the plant with decent care, observing all the rules of agricultural technology.

  • Location. For growing gypsophila, open areas and semi-shaded places in the garden are suitable.
  • The soil. Soils saturated with humus are not suitable for this plant. Soils should be moderately nutritious, have a neutral alkaline reaction. This culture develops well on sandy substrates, as well as on light drained loams.
  • Watering. You do not need to water the flower often, the root system will suffer from this. It is enough to irrigate the bush 2 times a day, pouring 3-4 liters of water under one plant. For irrigation, gypsophila take rainwater or tap water without chlorine.
  • Topdressing. This culture is fed 3 times per season, using mineral compositions with a high content of potassium and organic matter. Fertilizers alternate. Gypsophila responds well to herbal infusions and ash extract. The ash is sifted through a sieve, dissolved in boiled water, insisted for 3 days. Components are taken in the ratio of 1st. ash per 10 liters of water.
  • Wintering. In preparation for the wintering of perennial gypsophila species, after flowering they stop watering. They wait until the parts of the plant dry up, after which the stems are cut, leaving 2 cm from the surface of the earth. A shelter is made from dry foliage and spruce branches that will help the flower successfully endure the winter. With the onset of spring, the shelter is immediately removed to prevent rotting plants.
  • Fight against diseases and pests. Among the common diseases of gypsophila are root rot and rust. These diseases can affect the crop as a result of improper watering, when the soil does not have time to dry out. Bordeaux liquid and a solution of copper sulfate will help reanimate the bushes.

Insect pests that can cause serious harm to gypsophila include a nematode. The insect infects the roots and leads to the death of the flower.

Instances damaged by nematodes are dug up and burned, since not a single drug is able to cope with this pest.

To prevent the appearance of nematodes, marigolds or calendula are planted next to gypsophila. These flowers repel this insect.

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