Asplenium plant

The genus Asplenium ( Asplenium) unites about 800 species of ferns of the Aspleniaceae family, which are naturally found in all zones of the Western and Eastern hemispheres. The name of the genus comes from the Greek words a (“not”) and splen (“spleen”) – according to the alleged medicinal properties of these ferns.
Aspleniums are perennial herbaceous plants, terrestrial and epiphytes. Their rhizome is creeping, short, protruding, sometimes erect, with soft scales. The leaves (fronds) are smooth with a dense petiole, have a diverse structure – from simple, whole to pinnately dissected.
The sporangia of the Asplenium flower are located on the underside of the leaves, on forked free veins. Among the representatives of the genus there are deciduous species, as well as winter-hardy and non-winter-hardy.

Asplenium types

In home crop production, more than ten species of asplenium are grown. You can see their photos on this page, as well as read the care instructions.
Asplenium bulbiferum (Asplenium bulbiferum) is a ground fern with three-pinnate large leaves up to 100-120 cm long. Brood buds are formed on the leaves, which, under favorable conditions (high humidity), form daughter plants. They take root by falling to the ground near the mother plant.

South Asian Asplenium (Asplenium australasicum) is an epiphytic plant with large leaves collected in a dense, relatively narrow funnel-shaped rosette. In room culture, it often appears under the erroneous name “nesting asplenium”, referring to another, very close and similar rarely cultivated species.

The real asplenium nest (Asplenium nidus) differs from the South Asian asplenium in a wide-open rosette of leaves, diverging from the center, first almost horizontally, and then directed obliquely upwards. The leaves of this asplenium fern are long, narrow, oblong, with almost parallel edges and a truncated or rounded base, sharply turning into a short petiole. The midrib is rounded below.

Asplenium black (Asplenium adiantum-nigmm) reaches a height of 30 cm. A thin, fragile, slightly pubescent petiole of a chestnut-black color closer to the base of the leaf gradually acquires a green tint. Shiny green leaves reach a length of 10 cm. They are triangular, double-pinnate, have 5-12 pairs of pointed leaflets.

Asplenium northern (Asplenium septentrionale) is a small (up to 5-10 cm high) fern with a short rhizome. The leaves are elongated, leathery, not more than 10 cm long.

Asplenium hairy (Asplenium trichomanes) – a plant up to 20 cm high. A shiny reddish-brown smooth petiole has a flat groove. The leaves are narrow, pinnate, lobed, dull green, with 20-30 pairs of oblong feathers.

Asplenium flower care at home

The asplenium plant prefers bright places protected from direct sunlight. In winter, he needs a temperature of at least 18 ° C. The soil ball should be slightly damp. When leaving at home, asplenium is watered only with soft water. Plants are sprayed from time to time, and the pot is kept on a pallet with wet expanded clay. Feed only in the summer once a month with flower fertilizers. Cut only damaged or very old leaves. If the asplenium bush dries up, then the dried leaves are cut off, and the rest of the plant is regularly watered and sprayed twice a day – young leaves will soon appear. Among other things, daily spraying helps keep the plant clean. It is not advisable to use preparations to give gloss to the leaves.

Reproduction of indoor flowers asplenium

Propagated by spores or brood buds. Young plants are transplanted into a soil mixture of leafy soil, humus, peat and sand (2:2:1:1). When propagating indoor flowers, asplenium, adult plants are planted in a mixture of soddy, leafy soil, humus, peat and sand in a ratio (2: 3: 3: 1: 1). Sphagnum moss and charcoal are added to it. The main pest of asplenium is the scale insect.

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