Turkish carnation (Dianthus barbatus) – a flower for the garden

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Turkish or bearded carnation (Dianthus barbatus) is a perennial flowering plant from the genus of carnations of the clove family, grown in culture as a biennial.

  • Family: cloves.
  • Origin: Southern Europe.
  • Rhizome: The root system is fibrous.
  • Stem: straight, knotted.
  • Leaves: sessile, lanceolate or linear.
  • Fruit: box.
  • Reproductive ability: propagated by seeds, cuttings and layering.
  • Illumination: sun, partial shade.
  • Watering: moderate without stagnant water.
  • Content temperature: frost-resistant.
  • Duration of flowering: from mid-June 1-1.5 months.

Description of the Turkish carnation flower

Herbaceous perennial, growing wild in the mountainous regions of southern Europe. In the first year of life, it forms a rosette of light green leaves, petiolate, lanceolate or linear in shape. The following year, straight knotted stems appear 10 to 50 cm long, ending in dense corymbose inflorescences 10 to 12 cm in diameter. The flower of the Turkish carnation can be simple or double, of the most diverse colors, plain or variegated, with an eye or a border, and has a delicate aroma. Each of them has 4 bracts, along the edges with cilia resembling a beard, for which the plant received its second name, bearded carnation. At the same time, up to 20-30 flowers can be opened in the inflorescence

The fruit is a single-celled capsule with small dark brown seeds.

Below are photos of Turkish cloves of various varieties.

Growing and propagating Turkish cloves

For growing Turkish cloves, choose a sunny place and humus-rich soil. In such conditions, it blooms profusely and for a long time, although it tolerates partial shade well. The plant is drought-resistant, it is watered moderately in dry weather 1-2 times a week, avoiding water on rosettes and flowers. With a lack of nutrition, they are fed with mineral fertilizer, at the beginning of the season – with a larger proportion of nitrogen, after flowering – complex, and at the end of summer – mainly potassium and phosphorus.

Turkish carnation in the photo.

With excessive moisture and stagnant water, sockets can rot, so the soil around the plants is kept loose and the affected shoots are removed in time. It is useful to treat with fungicides during the season, for example, hom or Bordeaux liquid.

This carnation is cold-resistant and frost-resistant, in the middle lane it hibernates without shelter, in places with severe winters, plantings are mulched and additionally covered with fir paws. In the spring, the shelter is removed after the sockets begin to grow, which will prevent damage due to sunburn and sudden changes in temperature.

When propagated by seeds, sowing is carried out directly into the ground in June, at a distance of 1-2 cm in a row, 15 cm between rows, planting to a depth of 1 cm. a permanent place is planted in August. Carnation gives abundant self-seeding, but the offspring do not inherit the characteristics of the mother plant.

To preserve the variety, cuttings are carried out, or reproduction by layering. Cuttings are harvested in June, rooted in the shade in moist soil. After 3 weeks, they start growing, in the fall they are transplanted into a flower garden.

In July, after flowering, the plant is cut, loosened and fed. A month later, new shoots grow, and by autumn they can bloom again.

To obtain layering in August, the stems are laid out around the bush, sprinkled with moist soil, the tips are tied to a support, giving them a vertical position. After 5-6 weeks, rooted cuttings are planted in a permanent place.

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