Torenia: characteristics and agricultural practices of cultivation

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Torenia ( Torenia ) is an extensive genus of the Norichnikov family, which includes about 40 varieties of annual and perennial brightly flowering low plants. Some species are grown as a pot crop, but mainly this flower is cultivated in open ground. The plant is native to Africa.

Description

Torenia is a lush bush up to 30 cm high with thin creeping stems with numerous branches. Leaf blades are lanceolate, elongated, with a pointed apex and teeth along the edge. The arrangement of sheet plates can be opposite or alternate.

The flowers are tubular, with rounded petals. The color scheme of the buds is varied. This culture does not have varieties with plain petals. Many varieties combine 2 – 3 shades. Blooming buds open in August. Flowering lasts until the end of September. After flowering, fruits remain on the bushes – oval boxes with seeds.

Species and varieties

Torrenia is yellow. The plant is distinguished by rich yellow tubular inflorescences. Violet bud center. There is a dark stripe on the bottom of the petals. The bush reaches 15 – 20 cm in height. Consists of creeping branching stems.

Thorenia is dark purple. Bush with thin branched stems. Reaches 30 – 35 cm in height. Leaves with alternate arrangement, oval, with an elongated pointed end. The buds are small, purple in color.

Thorenia Fournier. The most common variety in ornamental gardening. It is a shrub with numerous branching stems 20 – 30 cm high. The leaves are elliptical, pointed, soft to the touch. The buds combine two shades: blue and purple.

Description of torenia varieties derived from the Fournier species:

“Duchess” – is characterized by rapid growth, is able to create a carpet with a diameter of 40 cm. The height of the bush is 20 cm. The flowers are bell-shaped, blue-lilac with a light spot in the central part.

“Lemon Drop” is a very beautiful annual variety with lush rich green foliage and branching creeping stems. The height of the plant reaches 15 – 20 cm. The flowers are white with a pale yellow spot on the lip. It can be grown as a pot and horticultural crop.

“Kauay mix” is a lush spherical bush with flexible short branching stems. Valued for early long flowering. Inflorescences of purple and lilac color.

“Kuai burgundy” is a compact plant up to 25 cm high, the fraying of this variety is an annual. Inflorescences are bell-shaped, raspberry color. Flowering lasts for 2 months, starting in July.

“Lemon lollipop” – a plant with straight stems, covered with numerous foliage. During flowering, the bush is covered with funnel-shaped buds of white color with yellow spots.

Growing seedlings

It is necessary to plant the seeds of torenia for seedlings when bypassing severe frosts, i.e. from the second half of February. Before planting, the seed is kept in a growth stimulator. This will increase the percentage of germination.

For growing seedlings, take plastic glasses, peat pots or small containers. You can buy soil for threshing at the store, or you can prepare it yourself by mixing garden soil with sand. A soil mixture of garden soil, peat, sand and crushed charcoal is optimally suited for this crop.

When growing torenia from seeds, the soil after sowing is moistened with a spray bottle, the containers are covered with polyethylene to maintain high humidity in a mini-greenhouse. Every day, crops are ventilated for 30 – 40 minutes.

The condensate accumulated on the film is removed. After the appearance of sprouts, the shelter is removed. Shoots are kept in a bright room with an air temperature in the range of 20 – 25 degrees. The care of young plants includes the following procedures:

  • Timely, but moderate watering. It is important to understand that excess moisture in the soil, as well as its lack, negatively affects the condition and development of seedlings.
  • Creation of an optimal temperature regime. Seedlings should grow in a warm, ventilated area, receiving enough sunlight. Plants will wither in heat and stuffiness. In poor lighting, the stems will stretch.
  • Pick. After the appearance of a pair of leaf plates in the sprouts, they are seated in separate containers, provided that the seeds were planted in a common container. After transplantation, the plants are watered with a Zircon solution or another immunomodulator that will help them take root and get stronger in a new place.
  • hardening. It is carried out a couple of weeks before the planned planting of seedlings on the site. The first 2 – 3 days, the crops are kept in the fresh air for 20 – 30 minutes, depending on the weather, then every day the residence time is increased by 1 – 2 hours. After 14 – 15 days, the seedlings should spend a day in the open air.

Landing in the ground

Planting seedlings on the site should be carried out only after warm weather sets in, the ground is well warmed up, and return night frosts will definitely not return. In the southern regions of Russia, this work is carried out in April, in the middle lane – in the second half of May, or with the onset of summer days.

Before planting, you need to choose a suitable place for this crop. The site should be well lit, as threshing develops slowly in the shade and poorly forms buds. If the plant is planted in areas with hot, sultry summers, it is better to place the flower in a slight shade so that the scorching rays do not burn it.

The landing site should not be in drafts and in lowlands. The soil should be loose, nutritious, moderately acidic. Torenia is demanding on the quality of the soil, therefore, before planting it, the earth will need to be dug up, leveled, removed stones, and fertilized.

For each plant, you need to dig a hole 10–15 cm deep. The seedlings, carefully spreading their roots, are placed in planting pits, covered with earth, tamped, watered with settled water at room temperature.

The area around the plants is sprinkled with a layer of mulch to reduce the evaporation of moisture and prevent the appearance of weeds. 10 days after planting, top dressing is applied using a mineral complex. After planting torenia in open ground, it is important to regularly care for the flower.

Care

Do not be afraid that a flower of tropical origin will require a lot of attention and special care. As a rule, growing torenia is not difficult, since the plant is distinguished by its unpretentiousness and strong immunity from diseases and pests. The main thing in caring for him is systematic and careful watering.

  • Watering. When watering fraying, several nuances must be taken into account. During the formation of buds, it is necessary to monitor the soil moisture. She must not dry out. With a lack of moisture, the inflorescences wither and fall off. During water procedures, you need to try so that moisture does not get on the flowers and foliage. After watering, the area near the bush should be loosened to prevent the formation of a hard crust on the surface of the earth. If this is not done, soil aeration will be poor, the roots will receive less oxygen, which will negatively affect the well-being of the plant.
  • Topdressing. During the growing season, mineral compounds and organics are applied, alternating fertilizers. The interval between feeding should be 14 – 20 days. At the stage of foliage formation, nitrogen-containing fertilizers are used, during the development of buds and during the flowering period, the soil is enriched with potash additives. When young plants reach 8 – 10 cm, pinch the tops of the stems for better branching, which means the splendor of the bushes.
  • Weeding and trimming. During the care of this crop, weeds are removed in a timely manner so that they do not take valuable substances from the plant that contribute to their growth and development. Withered inflorescences are pruned to form new ones.

Disease and pest control

If the fraying is properly and regularly cared for, it is unlikely to be affected by diseases or harmful insects. With a lack of moisture, the stems will dry out, the buds and foliage will wither. Excessive watering will lead to the development of fungus, the formation of mold on parts of the plant.

The affected bush is treated with Bordeaux liquid or fungicides such as Topaz, Hom and others. With severe damage to the plant by fungus and mold, it is dug up and destroyed. The area where the affected flower grew is disinfected.

If harmful insects are found on threshing, they are collected by hand, or the bush is treated with soapy water, tobacco decoction. If there are large pest populations on the flower, insecticides are used to control them.

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