Jeffersonia (Jeffersonia) of the barberry family and its species

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Jeffersonia (Jeffersonia) is a genus of rhizomatous perennials of the barberry family (Berberidaceae), includes 2 species that grow naturally on different continents. Beautifully flowering plant with decorative leaves.

  • Family: barberry.
  • Origin: Far East and North America.
  • Rhizome: short horizontal.
  • Stem: leafless.
  • Leaves: basal petiolate.
  • Fruit: box.
  • Reproductive ability: propagated by seeds, division of rhizomes.
  • Illumination: shade-loving.
  • Watering: moderate.
  • Content temperature: frost-resistant.
  • Flowering time: depending on the species, 7 or 30 days in spring.

flower description

Perennial herbs 50 or 30 cm high, with short rhizomes, petiolate leaves and bare stems, at the ends of which single white or lilac flowers bloom in spring. The leaves are numerous and very decorative, extending directly from the rhizome. Seeds ripen by early June or August, depending on the species. Very durable, in one place can be up to 15-20 years or longer.

The name of the flower is given in honor of the third American President Thomas Jefferson, a great lover and connoisseur of plants, it was he who opened the first botanical garden in the USA in 1801.

In Russia, the culture was first grown in the Pomological Garden at the beginning of the 20th century, and was primarily valued for its decorative foliage.

The flower is easy to care for, propagated by seeds and division of the bush. It grows under the canopy of trees on loose permeable soil, mulched with rotted leaves, does not require top dressing, hibernates without shelter. It is used to create compositions from low-growing plants in a shady part of the garden.

Types of jefferson

Jeffersonia dubia , doubtful Jeffersonia grows in the shady forests of the Ussuriysk, Khabarovsk Territories, Primorye and the northeastern regions of China bordering them. One of the most attractive early flowering plants in the middle lane. Bushes about 30 cm high are formed by a basal rosette of leaves, petiolate, serrated, having an original shape with notches at the top and at the base, red-violet at the beginning of the growing season, then bluish-green with a red border. Lilac flowers, 2 cm in diameter, from the end of April for 30 days rise above the leaves, contrasting with them in color. Seeds ripen in June, and are immediately planted in the ground, as they quickly lose their germination capacity. The bushes grow well, eventually forming dense sods. In shady places, this species sometimes self-sows, but it is most easily propagated by dividing the bushes.

Jeffersonia diphylla , two- leaved Jeffersonia comes from the eastern forests of North America, unlike the previous species, it is a compact, little growing shrub up to 50 cm tall. It blooms for 7 days in mid-May, the flowers are white, 2-3 cm in diameter, bloom before the leaves appear. It is decorative throughout the growing season due to serrated leaves, consisting of two lobes, connected by a thin bridge at the point of attachment to the petiole and shaped like butterfly wings. They are green, but by autumn they acquire a bronze color. Jeffersonia bifolia is unpretentious, durable, winter-hardy, propagated both by dividing bushes and by seeds, while the latter method allows you to quickly get a lot of planting material. It gives self-sowing, seedlings can sprout the next year, at first they develop slowly, but they are hardy and tenacious, bloom for 3-4 years.

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