Zamiya: types and care at home

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Zamia (Zamia) belongs to the Cycad family. Homeland – the tropics and subtropics of America, Cuba.

Relic genus, whose age is about 200 million years. years. The plant genus zamiya has about 26 different species, and some of them are actively used by people as indoor flowers.

The zamiya flower is an evergreen low plant with an underground stem.

There are also species whose trunk rises above the ground, but still remains very low. The leaves are loosely pinnate, at first light green, eventually becoming olive in color, up to 1 m long.

The plant has few leaves and they appear in turn one after another. They are lanceolate, usually oval in shape and divided near the base into two lobes.

In nature, there are variants of leaves with solid or serrated edges. To the touch, the leaves are fleshy, with a glossy surface.

As can be seen from the photo, the reproductive organs of the zamia flower, which are considered flowers, somewhat resemble coniferous cones. Hence the name of the plant. Blooms very rarely indoors. In some species, several spines are formed on the petiole.

Upon reaching maturity, female specimens form megastrobiles among the leaves, consisting of whorled corymbose sporophylls, each of which bears two hanging ovules on the lower surface of the shield, and microstrobiles in male specimens. Also, this species is characterized by a rather slow growth.

Types of zamiya

As an ornamental houseplant, the most common are: Zamiya false parasitic (Z pseudoparasitica);

Scaly zamia (Z. futfuraceae) ;

Zamia broad-leaved (Z latiifolia) .

False parasitic zamia (Zamia pseudoparasitica) . This flower of unusual appearance is very popular as a garden and greenhouse plant. This species differs from the rest in its rather high growth – it can reach 3 m in height.

The leaves of the adult representatives of the species also have an impressive size. Each kidney can be up to 2 m long. Individual leaflets are linear, pointed in shape and 30 to 40 cm long. Their width varies from 2.5 to 3.5 cm. The edges of the leaves are serrated.

Powdered zamia (Zamia furfuracea) . As can be seen from the photo, this type of zamia is distinguished by a rather neat shape and not too large, in comparison with other plants of this genus, in size. The main leaves usually range in size from 50 to 150 cm in length and are located above the root in the form of a bush.

The leaves of the flower are oblong, but not very long. Slightly rounded at the edges and have a rather fleshy and firm texture. Young leaves are covered with white scales on both sides and are distinguished by an unusual gray-blue color.

Zamiy care and breeding methods

The plant is not very whimsical, but develops rather slowly at home, so the care of the zamia must be quite thorough.
The flower is photophilous, but direct sunlight can harm its leaves and cause unwanted diseases. Ideal – bright diffused light, grows well on the north window. It is best to keep the zamia in the middle of the window sill – so the plant can receive uniform lighting.
It is important to regularly ventilate the room where this flower is located – this will positively affect its development. At the same time, it is important to monitor the absence of drafts. Also, subject to warm weather, it can be taken out into the street. The night air can be quite cold, so it is still better to keep the zamiya in the house at night.
The plant is thermophilic, in winter the minimum temperature is 15-20 °C. A warm, humid climate is the ideal environment for this flower. However, in the hot season, the temperature in the room with the zamiya should not rise above 20 – 25 ° C. When caring for a zamiya, it is important to remember that the plant does not tolerate very rapid temperature changes, but it can stay at a temperature of 0 ° C for a short time without consequences. In the heat, it is useful to spray with settled water, as the flower loves moisture. In order to prevent dust from collecting on large zamia leaves, it is important to wipe the leaves from time to time. To do this, you can moisten a cotton swab in settled water and gently remove accumulated dirt.
Zamia as a houseplant requires care similar to caring for cacti – it is even just as unpretentious to the substrate. Usually used soil mixture of clay-turf, leafy earth, peat, sand. (2:1:0,5: 0,5). However, this plant feels comfortable in any substrate.
The plant can be flooded, so you need to water carefully. In case of waterlogging, the root system of the flower will begin to rot. It is worth remembering that zamiya as a houseplant does not consume very much water and is usually watered about once a week. However, overdrying of the soil coma should not be allowed. Water for irrigation can be left in the sun so that it settles and warms up. In no case should you water the zamiya with cold water.
During the growth period (April – August), once a month, fertilizing with flower fertilizer is carried out. Both liquid and dry fertilizer mixes can be used. In the cold season, there is no need to feed the plant.
Since the zamiya grows rather slowly and for a long time, it needs to be transplanted into a larger pot every year for the first 5 years of life. Further, this procedure can be done every 3 years. When transplanting, pruning is not necessary, since this flower may simply not survive such actions.
Reproduction of zamia is carried out in two ways: by lateral shoots and seeds, depending on the species and on what time of the year the planting takes place. However, in any case, it is best to carry out this procedure in the spring. The cuttings root quite well. This procedure can be done with water or specially prepared soil. In the case of seed propagation, shoots may not appear for quite some time. All the time of their development, it is necessary to provide plants with high humidity and good lighting.

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