Types of jacaranda, tree care in an apartment

HomeUncategorizedTypes of jacaranda, tree care in an apartment

Jacaranda ( Jacaranda ) is an ornamental plant of the Bignoniaceae family, which grows naturally in South America. Most often it is a tree, but some species can be shrubs or semi-shrubs. For breeding in an apartment requires a lot of space. Can be grown as a tub plant. It does not bloom indoors, is valued for its beautiful foliage, and requires annual crown pruning.

Description

Jacaranda is a perennial sprawling bush, reaching up to 20 m in its natural environment. At home, with regular pruning, it grows up to 2 m. The trunk is powerful, smooth, with many strong red-brown branches spread to the sides.

The leaves are large, pinnate, fern-like, bright green. Foliage is opposite. Jacaranda flowers are formed only in the natural environment; it is impossible to create the necessary conditions for the formation of buds in an apartment.

Paniculate inflorescences develop on the tops of the shoots and in the leaf axils. They consist of 25 – 30 pieces of tubular flowers of purple and violet colors. Flowering in hot countries is observed twice a year.

At the end of flowering, pod-shaped fruits remain on the plant, which form in clusters on trees. Inside the fruits are numerous black lionfish seeds with high germination.

The description of the jacaranda is supplemented by a photo showing the characteristic features of this spectacular tree:

Kinds

Jacaranda mimosole ( Jacaranda mimosifolia ) is one of the most famous species of this culture in indoor floriculture, growing at home up to 3 m. The trunk is straight, powerful, unbranched, covered with strong dark brown bark. The leaves are pinnate, elongated-lanceolate, petiolate, rich green, oppositely located, located at some distance from each other, due to which the crown looks very original. Inflorescences are large paniculate. They contain several tubular flowers 5 cm long, lilac color scheme with white spots on the surface.

Varieties:

“Delta” – a shrub 1.5 – 2 m high with a thick trunk covered with smooth red-brown bark and spreading branches of the same shade. The leaves are pinnate, fern-like, light green, up to 35 cm long. The variety is suitable for growing in an apartment and office.

“Magdalena” is a rapidly growing variety. Reaches about 3 m. The leaves are pinnately dissected, oppositely arranged, rich green.

Fluffy Jacaranda ( Jacaranda tomentosa ). It is a sprawling tree that grows indoors up to 2 – 2.5 m. Leaf plates are pinnate, divided into 8 egg-shaped segments. The inflorescence is paniculate, consists of purple tubular flowers. Young specimens are suitable for growing in a room, as over the years the tree loses its attractiveness.

Reproduction

This culture is propagated in two ways: with the help of seeds and cuttings, but in the first case, you will have to spend more time and effort to get a strong healthy plant. Cuttings are easier and faster, but for this you need to already have such a tree. Cuttings are cut from March to July.

Their length should be 6 – 9 cm. The lower leaves are removed, the planting material is immersed in a heteroauxin solution to stimulate growth. After 24 hours, they are buried 2–3 cm into a mixture of peat and river sand, removed under a film. Contain at a temperature of 24 – 26 degrees. After the root system grows, the plants are transplanted into ordinary pots.

When growing jacaranda at home from seeds, the seed is pre-soaked in wet gauze, where they should be for 3 days. Gauze is regularly moistened. After this time, the seeds are buried 1 cm into a loose substrate, moistened with a sprayer.

Crops are harvested in a warm place with a temperature of 25 degrees. After a couple of weeks, sprouts hatch. Seedlings are kept on a lighted windowsill at the same air temperature. Water as soon as the top of the soil dries out. The grown plants are transplanted into separate containers with a diameter of 9 – 10 cm.

Care

Lighting. This culture successfully develops in bright light, so the southern and eastern parts of the room are suitable for its placement. So that the midday rays do not burn the plant, you need to create shading during this period of time.

But this advice is relevant for young specimens, since 2-year-old trees feel good even with prolonged exposure to the sun. To prevent deformation of the crown, the jacaranda should be turned daily to the sun with the opposite side. Then it will develop symmetrically.

  • Air temperature. This plant belongs to the category of heat-loving, therefore, from spring to mid-autumn, it should be kept in the temperature range of 23 – 27 degrees. In winter, the temperature must be lowered to 16 – 18 degrees.
  • Watering. The jacaranda plant does not require frequent and abundant watering, as it can do without moisture for a long time. However, do not neglect water procedures, especially in dry hot months. Lack of moisture will cause the leaves to turn yellow. It will be necessary to moisten the soil only after it has dried by 1/2. For irrigation, settled water without chlorine is suitable.
  • Air humidity. Higher humidity levels are recommended. In order to create the conditions necessary for a tropical tree, you should put expanded clay in the pan and pour water. Useful daily spraying foliage.
  • The soil. For this crop, a soil mixture consisting of leafy soil, sand, turf, peat, humus is suitable. The components are taken in a ratio of 2:1/2:1:1:1.
  • Topdressing. When caring for indoor jacaranda, to maintain its health and beauty, mineral complexes are used for home decorative and deciduous plants. Fertilizer is applied from the beginning of spring to mid-autumn 1 time in 20 days. In the winter season, top dressing is not required, as well as during the period of natural leaf fall.
  • Transfer. Work on transplanting jacaranda is carried out in the spring months. Evidence that it is time to change the container and the substrate are the roots that go beyond the pot. The new pot should be 3 cm larger in diameter than the old one. The root system of the plant is inspected for damage before planting, then placed in a fresh substrate. The upper part of the earth is tamped, watered. After transplanting, keep the tree in the shade for several days.
  • Pruning. In March – April, the upper parts of the shoots are pinched to form a lush, beautiful crown and restrain the growth of the tree.

Pests and diseases

With improper care, jacaranda can be attacked by harmful insects. About what pests are found when breeding this plant, and methods for their elimination will be discussed below.

The whitefly feeds on plant sap. As a result of her presence, the leaves turn yellow and fall off. If insect larvae are found on the inside of the foliage, a two-time treatment with insecticides is carried out with an interval of 1-2 days.

Aphids also suck valuable substances from leaves. This causes them to curl and dry out. In the presence of this pest, a sticky coating can be seen on the leaf plates. Having found an aphid, it is necessary to wash the bush with soapy water and rinse all its parts well under the shower.

Dry air in the room where the jacaranda is kept, as well as excessive watering, contribute to the appearance of spider mites. You can notice the presence of an insect by the white web that appears on the leaves. To eliminate it, insecticides are used. After processing, regulate air humidity and watering.

In addition to insect pests, the lack of proper care negatively affects the plant. So, drafts, low temperatures, lack of mineral fertilizers in the soil leads to yellowing of the foliage and its fall. Stagnation of moisture provokes the development of root rot.

It should be borne in mind that in autumn the tree sheds leaves. With the onset of spring, new leaf plates begin to form. This is a natural process and is not the result of disease or pest infestation. Over time, the leaves appear on the tree less and less. Mature plants are very bare, completely losing their decorative effect. For this reason, jacaranda is bred only as long as it remains attractive, that is, the first 2 to 3 years.

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